” pneumatics machine grooms 100 classes ” serialize, with the class the knowledge that the form needs pneumatics machine industry to be used is Baconian summary, present everybody. First a hair, if reprint,make clear origin please.
One, industrial an account of the founding of an institution or the beginning of a project
1, industrial origin
Working people of our country ancient time is in smelt production, had sent palpability to a kind of bag Yue (è of Tu ó Yu) , this is a kind of blast aids igneous tool, it is wind small box / the predecessor of bellows.
” moral classics ” cloud of the 5th chapter: “Between heaven and earth, Hu of its You Tuo? Empty and castiron, move and go out more. ” . Its carelessness is: “Say scope of operation so between, unlike is bellows same? It is empty and not shrivelled, jump over agitate wind more, unripe be born not to cease. Unripe be born not to cease..
It is at the one the subject 1280 into the book ” perform birds to fight book of several sansei photograph ” roll 2 in the earliest picture that has bellows of pull rod piston. This kind of bellows is light save labour and effect is tall, get very quickly gain ground and developing.
Yuan acting later period, chen Chun ” boil a graph ” in namely draw has cast-iron smelt to use bellows of pull rod double valve. Bright generation Song Yingxing ” Nature’s engineering opens thing ” in, appeared more bellows plot. At this moment bellows had had the structure such as a powerful person of piston, gas, it is the rudiment of contemporary air compressor.
.jpg)
(1) industry of machine of the pneumatics before founding a state is approximated 0
The industrial foundation of old China is very fragile, a few industry such as only coal, spin, war industry. Pneumatics machine industry is almost 0, productivity and technical level are very low, basically can be engaged in be modelled on simply and be being repaired only, pneumatics machine product all can be imported from abroad only.
1897 (Qing Guangxu 23 years) , the ore that the German GHH firm that investment of Bureau of Mines of Tang Shan of our country straight be subordinate to uses produces uses pneumatics machine.
.jpg)
Although compressor manufacturing industry is preliminary,build, make our country’s burgeoning industry stage by stage, but manufactory of most pneumatics machine starts very low, can be modelled on only foreign product will organize production. The product does not have uniform standard, multifarious, desultorily, quality is low. Although be in what Russia got during this to be helped energetically, introduced the product design of many series and technical document, also realized batch production, but the requirement that still cannot satisfy technology of homebred pneumatics machine to develop. Phasic development is pressing need fosters large quantities of one compressor as soon as possible technical qualified personnel.
1955, our country consults the managerial experience of Russia, in traffic university (Shanghai) prepared to construct to establish compressor major, reach Xi’an city at following school move 1956, formal 1960 more the name is Xi’an traffic university. From now on, our country begins to foster his compressor professional normally.
.jpg)
11 in the party 3 in after plenary meeting, the strategy that in making a working key transfer socialistic modernization, the Party Central Committee comes to is decision-making. Fade out of historical arena stage by stage as planned economy, socialist market economy gradually thorough popular feeling. Manufacturing industry of our country compressor and other industry are same, got developing flourishingly, become the base that world compressor basically produces gradually.
1, management combine
In adjust, the country enlarged the own advantageous position of the enterprise gradually, begin to carry out multiform economic system of job responsibility. The enterprise begins to put management work in significant position, make the company gets lost production to manage from pure type of production gradually model.
Feburary 1982, in general machinist the specific guidance of trade bureau falls, by Shenyang gas compressor compressor of the first general machinery plant of factory, Shanghai compressor factory, Beijing, Sichuan factory composition prepares the factory, compressor that do not have stannum group, invite factory of compressor industry stress to hold compressor to combine distribute job meeting in Beijing.
The conference decides by countrywide compressor industry 12 keys enterprise comprises Chinese compressor to combine distribute ministry, formulate method of constitution, management, order goods can collective regulations. This is planned economy and union of market economy photograph, the change manages when face an user means, bold attempt. Combine distribute ministry establish the dividing line that broke branch and area, strengthened the connection between the enterprise, in pneumatics machine industry development respect obtained certain result.
2, standardization and teach scientific research
1979, tool of the compressor that our country attended international Organization for Standardization formally, pneumatic uses mechanical technology commission compatibly (ISO/TC-118) .
Compressor standard regards compressor as products plan, make reach examining basis, pay close attention to and take seriously what receive increasing unit, the industry is made quickly from this with edited large quantities of one compressor relative standard.
What reform to get used to machinist job is thorough, strengthen contact external, harmonious compressor production is made and fittings produces a business. Second half of the year began to prepare guild 1985.
On June 3, 1988, the country is mechanical appoint (ministry of former mechanical electron) with ” machinery is connected [1988]046 date ” file approval establishs China branch of compressor of association of general and mechanical industry, and in November 1988 1-3 day was held in Guangxi Liuzhou city establish plenary session.
Committee of compressor major technology held water 1979 and begin the work, it is major of mechanical ministry compressor policy of technology, technology seeks advice discuss an organization.
Compressor occupation standard turns technical committee, the first committee held water in September 1989, it is the standardization that approval of committee of national standardization management establishs professional technology orgnaization.
Quality of Chinese compressor product is supervised detect center in May 1985, according to mechanical ministry [1985] machine understands case word 1015 article, in current mechanism the institute holds water.
3, transfer of technology
After 1978, as the development of reforming and opening, our country accelerated compressor industry recommend technical work step, new product is developed in home through introducing foreign advanced technique, the technology that increases a business develops ability.
1976, shenyang air-blower the factory compares grand newly to introduce many series from Italy centrifugal compressor design makes a technology;
1979, shaanxi air-blower the factory introduces two series axis to shed compressor to design production technology from company of Swiss Su Ershou;
1983, nanjing compressor factory recommends production company of machine of father and son of Er of German carry on marine air compressor technology;
In November 1983, without stannic compressor the factory introduces Sweden many series product produces Atelasi technology, the screw machine that still introduced England, Japan at the same time is advanced machine equipment. Introduced Japanese Kobe to make steel place do not have technology of oily screw compressor 1995;
The odd screw compressor that the first general machinery plant of Beijing recommends company of Chicago pneumatic tool designs production technology;
The factory introduces Shenyang gas compressor move back and forth of gram of Swiss A luck is not had oil-lubricated compressor design makes a technology. Introduced German rich Er again 1984 technology of major of compressor of gas of its case large move back and forth;
In transfer of technology while, compressor manufactory also introduced large quantities of advanced treatment facilities, a powerful person of factory of fittings of compressor of the screw rotor milling machine that is like Shanghai compressor factory, Chongqing piece compressor of gas of grinder of double end panel, Shenyang the reed of a powerful person of the factory coils a powerful person of factory of a powerful person of gas of reed machine, Shanghai piece filmy vacuum-packed equipment.
4, look forward to of state-owend enterprise civilian is joint-stock the foreign enterprise lets a hundred flowers blossom
This one period, our country transfers to socialist market economy by planned economy, to enhance the vigor of state-owned company, begin to explore a gender to reform to state-owned company. The country published a series of encouragement, the policy that promotes development of civilian battalion economy and measure, aroused civilian battalion to invest the enthusiasm that does a business greatly. Invest to attract abroad, introduce foreign advanced technique and administrative experience, our country implements special favourable policy to foreign capital, attracted international well-known company comes China investment. Compressor industry forms the new phase that state-owend enterprise, civilian look forward to, foreign enterprise coexists.
3, the travel before take big strides
1, high speed of economic norms of pneumatics machine industry grows
After 2000, our country economy greets high speed to send exhibition period. Especially the government increased pair of foundations and energy facilities and national economy the construction of each domain invests, provided broad market for equipment manufacturing industry. A series of favourable policy that impose a country to come on stage to revitalize equipment manufacturing industry and measure, huge promoted compressor to make the rapid progress of the enterprise, make ability of level of technology of compressor industry whole, equipment gets comprehensive promotion.
It is before 2000, total of entire industry profit loses a value nearly, industry catholicity deficit. The industrial production value that machine manufacturing industry reduces after 2000, sales revenue and gain level enter high speed to develop period, be in especially ” 915 ” during, the production value of compressor manufacturing industry grows 18.6% on average. 2001-2015 year, proprietor of an enterprise of 90 keys compressor wants the trade data of economic norms statistic, the economy that reflected growth of compressor industry high speed goes situation.
.jpg)
1, big country is heavy implement, national weight used on a balance
Equipment manufacturing industry is core part of industry, assuming for national economy departmental door offers the machine tools, important task that drives relevant estate development, can say it is the lifeline of industrial heart and national economy, it is the important cornerstone of comprehensive national power of the state that prop up.
Compressor manufacturing industry is in our country 20 centuries of demand of industry of 669 time fertilizer pull move next acquisition the earliest development opportunity. After reforming and opening, develop each industry to rise sharply to the demand of compressor quickly as economy, compressor manufacturing industry gained greater development opportunity. After entering new century, compressor is made obtain new round transition, upgrade good luck, industry of our country compressor progresses further and expand. Develop through 70 old play, manufacturing industry of our country compressor had formed kind all ready, have quite the production system of dimensions and level, industrial dimensions jumps house world front row.
The centrifugal compressor that the place of business of turbine compressor mainstay that is a delegate with Shenyang air-blower group, Shaanxi air-blower group produces and axis shed compressor, the design achieved contemporary international with production level advanced level, a lot of products broke foreign monopoly, realized major equipment homebred change, it is to let China make more weighty ” national weight used on a balance ” .
“Shen Gu ” – a pillar, strategy that Shenyang air-blower group is industry of equipment of our country great technology V-neck army enterprise. Also be the bibcock enterprise of industry of our country fan, compressor.
(1) ” enrage on the west east be defeated ” it is our country is next to the Yangtse River the another major project of 3 gorge, in Feburary 2000 approval of conference of first time of the State Council is started. It is our country adjusts the sources of energy and industrial structure, drive the eastpart part, mid, western the major strategy that region economy develops jointly is decision-making. “Enrage on the west east be defeated ” it is the natural gas duct with the longest whole world, at present one, second line project already laid natural gas carries cop 15000 much kilometers. Natural gas conduit carries every other 200 kilometers need a pressurization to stand, pressurization station core equips even if grow be defeated by cop compressor, add reserve machine, whole ” enrage on the west east be defeated ” the demand of this kind of compressor amounts to hundreds. Obtain in Shen Gu homebred before changing a breakthrough, this kind of compressor can be imported from company of foreign GE, MAN only, be without bargain ability to the price. CCTV newsreel ” big country is heavy implement ” the breakthrough that obtains for Shen Gu undertook technically introductory a report, call ” national weight used on a balance ” .
.jpg)
1, area of concentration of industry of machine of our country pneumatics is seen without exception
Manufacturing industry of machine of our country pneumatics from ” 915 ” begin to accelerate development, “925 ” during it is the period with the rapiddest development, “935 ” enter fall fast carry qualitative development new normal state, a large number of innovation, new technology makes the mark that industry character promotes.
According to national statistic bureau 2019 statistic, countrywide mutual compressor produces a business 525, sales revenue 181.1 billion yuan. Differentiate according to system of ownership, the amount of the state-owend enterprise is made an appointment with 3% , the joint stock company occupies 50 above, civilian battalion, joint-stock occupy 45% above with solely invested enterprise.
Through old construction and development, industry of machine of our country pneumatics already formed a wholer industrial system. Breed of pneumatics machine product is all ready, equipment, craft, technology is increasingly advanced, pneumatics machine industry and industry of relevant form a complete set formed relatively apparent industry to gather gradually.
Use air compressor commonly for, hua Dong area is base of our country’s biggest pneumatics engine production, the in part that industry measure and crop exceeded industry gross (basically center in Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian) . It is Hua Na area next (main concentration is in Guangdong) . Besides, the Beijing of China north area, Tianjin, Heibei, China in the group of pneumatics machine industry that the Sichuan of the Liaoning of the Jiangxi of the area, northeast area, southwest, Chongqing all has certain dimensions.
The future of pneumatics machine industry still will face new historical environment and new challenge, will insist to innovate independently and deepen transition to upgrade only, ability makes trend of compressor manufacturing industry more brilliant tomorrow.
2, trend of prospective direction, technology
As industry of 4 arisen, and ” industrialized, informatization ” two advance what change confluence ceaselessly, air compresses a mechanism to build an enterprise to be below the driving of industrial Internet spring tide, mixing in the technology trade the research development of p reaper and innovation attempt.
(1) apply fractionize
Before level of technology of be confined to and applied demand, quality of the pressure of pneumatics machine, capacity, air and how to prevent grade to wait, distributing roughly only. But mature ceaselessly as the industry, and applied operating mode is more tight exacting, complication, the production of research and development of pneumatics machine and type selecting more fractionize, specialization stronger.
(2) two polarization develop
What develop in the new field such as chemical industry of natural gas, coal as our country on one hand is ceaseless and thorough, right large the requirement that changes compressor equipment increases continuously, homebred changing is Chongzhongzhi is weighed. On the other hand, as pneumatic tool product derive ceaselessly, compress airy application the field is wider and wider, to small-sized compressor the demand of equipment will appear to stabilize the situation of growth continuously.
(3) efficient, energy-saving, environmental protection
This is not only ask with energy-saving environmental protection of the country and be opposite can of effect encourage with give aid to policy is concerned, also be the ego drive of the enterprise in market competition. Can foreknow, efficient, energy-saving, environmental protection will be the development way with compressor industry permanent future.
(4) intelligence is changed, systematization
As the development of Electromechanical unifinication technology, pneumatics machine is interactive and run control automatically more will perfect. On the other hand the control of pneumatics machine, the control from only station equipment development is right whole the control that reduces air system, and the control according to user demand is politic.
(5) informatization
Be based on technology of content couplet net, on one hand pneumatics unit is long-distance monitoring, allow pneumatics machine move hold accuse more as convenient as carry out hind. On the other hand, a large number of equipment run service data to offer way of innovation of research and development to create a company.
(6) pay attention to core technology development
The foundation that crucial component is compressor product development, prop up and bottleneck. After developing certain level, the research of industry hi-tech basically gathers on the crucial component such as screw, electric machinery, drive and control technology. Mastered the application of crucial component and combination only, the enterprise just can have core competition ability.
(7) robot application
Long-term since, very major pneumatics mechanism builds an enterprise to be given priority to with labour force of major of low quality, blame as before, stay in assemble artificially, the labor such as simple treatment is concentrated model level. On one hand, worker major degree has immediate effect to product quality, the robot can avoid this kind of effect; On the other hand, the robot is replaced is to solve labor artificially concentrated model industry and the important way with manpower contradictory capital.
(8) modular design
Modular the design is at present on the unit such as pneumatics Electromechanical machine, transducer and controller application is more. Overall to pneumatics machine undertake modular design, can increase product application scope not only, and can satisfy flexible make, answer market demand quickly.