Pneumatics machine, how safe ” allay a fever ” ?
High temperature of pneumatics accident travel seems middling of after service process to see one of problems now, temperature of exhaust of pneumatics aircraft main engine is an influence the main factor that pneumatics machine safety, reliable, stability runs. Overheating of travel of accident of a lot of pneumatics is in summer is a kind of common phenomenon, often cannot cause empty press administrator accordingly take seriously. The happening of high temperature affects production not only, return the loss of meeting aggravate equipment, shorten its are normal service life. In addition high temperature still can quicken deterioration of pneumatics engine oil, lubricant function is reduced, the demote below flash point, sometimes high temperature still can be in because inside and outside causes oil to taste spontaneous combustion below action jointly, bring about pneumatics machine burn down, produce explosive accident even. Accordingly, the high temperature problem that in answering to take equipment seriously to move highly, appears, eliminate hidden danger in time, safeguard produces the demand that use gas.
One, high temperature forms a reason
Pneumatics aircraft equipment discharges air temperature to be in 75 ℃ ～ normally between 95 ℃ , exhaust temperature produces a knot to show a phenomenon under the meeting when pressure dew point, make more moisture appears inside the system, bring about lube emulsification, affect lubricant result. Serious person may because condenser water is more, in making the lube inside oil gas bucket concerns to emit into empty tracheal net entirely because of specific gravity. This not only increase aftertreatment difficulty, and can make lead plane bearing cannot get in time lubricant and burn down, cause lead plane trouble finally. And tall exhaust temperature, make the clearance of to consider to expand obligate increases compressor, tall leak lets the loss of efficiency of compressor, bring about electric energy to use up as before, and produce tolerance to drop however. Temperature still can make lube issues occurrence pyrolysis in metallic catalysis high too, produce harmful free carbon and acid, cause the deposit that accumulate carbon, jam oil path, serious person can make lead plane writtens guarantee Jiao Ka dies. Although design of screw pneumatics machine has high temperature to protect (110 ℃ stop automatically machine) , but still should treat pneumatics machine carefully problem of long-term high temperature.
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Pneumatics machine face plate shows exhaust temperature is high, need to affirm whether temperature sensor shows by accident above all, usable portable infrared ray measures Wen Yi or heat is become resemble assisting affirm, other reason can be divided roughly wait for a system for lead plane of cooling system, lubricant system, equipment. Involve a few parts to affirm respectively:
Cooling system
The factor that cooling system can consider has indoor and environmental element, ventilated circumstance, condenser to jam, inadequacy of cooling water, cooling wind force.
1, indoor and environmental element, ventilated circumstance
The meeting in moving because of equipment produces a large number of quantity of heat, if this quantity of heat is not seasonable derive outdoor, the likelihood causes closed loop of empty sealing gland to flow indoors, namely the quantity of heat of eduction of pneumatics machine heat exchange can enter gas mouth to go again by pneumatics machine inspiratory, such vicious circle, equipment will last high temperature. When exceeding 40 ℃ according to installing condition of take a breath to judge environmental temperature, be necessary to have compulsive take a breath.
The mouth that take energy of life is set in the building as far as possible low point, and dust of not easy and inspiratory environment is mixed the position of harmful gas. Should deploy air inlet to filter appropriately below the harsh environment such as dust device, platoon a place with a draught sets the upper part of park housetop or wall commonly, add fortify to protect establishment.
2, the passageway that discharge wind
(1) the passageway that discharge wind is current area should enough big.
(2) the passageway that discharge wind as far as possible short, in order to reduce flow resistance. According to the platoon wind force of compressor, computation discharges the obstruction of wind passageway, if pressure loss exceeds 20Pa when, need to install auxiliary platoon fan.
(3) overhaul to go to the lavatory, use dismountable the passageway discharging wind of type construction, can wait for a join and the fan housing that balance action with canvas or white iron sheet, avoid excessive pull deliver with vibration nearly. Can install the vivid impeller that adjusts neatly, the passageway can be shut to avoid temperature when winter too low.
3, condenser jams
Condenser has wind cold heat exchanger of board wing type and heat exchanger of type of water-cooling carapace canal, along with use time elapse, wait for a relation because of environment or cooling water water quality, condenser can appear jam phenomenon, this can pass condenser entrance and exit difference in temperature to be able to affirm. Heat exchanger of board wing type is by one Zhang Zhangju form board piece the heat exchange control that constitutes with heat exchanger tube, of heat exchanger of cold to wind pattern jam usable 0.2MPa above compresses air to be blown repeatedly sweep, serious person but whole disassembles clean. Be in charge of type heat exchanger to water-cooling, it is main by exterior housing, in-house condenser two parts are comprised, because different manufacturer equipment is likely monitor and medium of classics of housing Cheng Liu are different reach the spot to use cooling water quality to differ, to tubal type heat exchanger jam need undertakes circular cleaning through different and chemical drug.
4, cooling water, cooling wind force is insufficient
(1) cooling wind force is insufficient
Examine Control Panel fan to open stop temperature to whether install reasonable, cooling fan whether timely action or attaint; Net of dirt of inspiratory mouth the root of fangfeng should be blown regularly sweep, prevent to jam; The design installation that discharges wind passageway additionally is unreasonable, platoon wind force passes small or passageway resistance is great, can affect the tolerance of equipment, can bring about temperature of pneumatics machine exhaust to lift.
(2) cooling water measures inadequacy
Examine lukewarm discretion of cooling water water, water Wen Gao makes the temperature between cooling water and lube contractible, reduce heat exchange effect; Additional, cooling water measures inadequacy, the quantity of heat of high temperature lube cannot be dropped in temperature in time by circular cooling water, bring about temperature taller and taller. Backwater of requirement cooling water is normally hydraulic not under 0.15MPa.
Lubricant system
Unlike of machine of pneumatics of fuel injection screw does not have oily machine in that way, must have special oil pump, the loop of screw compressor lube is oil of have the aid of between mouth of fuel injection of dispenses lead plane press difference to maintain.
1, lube
Lube is the very important job medium in screw compressor, need to have stability of tall oxidisability, high flash point, high temperature strong; Should have flow resistance already small, should have refrigeration again, fall a confusion of voices, lubricant, sealed function.
In lube loop process, because compressor rotate speed is high, oily circular rate is rapid, lube is below the high temperature requirement that has the metallic activator presence such as copper, iron, oil tastes extremely easy ageing, and oil is tasted be in condition of high temperature mix, form bubble very easily, if oil level is exorbitant (judge oil level, had better observe below condition of pneumatics plane to load oil level plan is more accurate) , a large number of bubble can enter oily cent, make body of bring about the desired sensation increases through obstruction, oily cost raises, serious person cause fuel injection of high temperature, overload to wait.
The performance quality of lube and use cycle moves reliably to equipment stability have decision effect, if use undeserved, can bring about compressor serious high temperature, even lead plane breakdown.
Lube is maintaining inside cycle, meet along with time elapse somewhat loss, because of the oil inside oil gas bucket right now the quantity decreases, equipment moving temperature is met somewhat heighten. The basis runs directive of oil level plan, reach minimum in a limited time, stop machine complement lube with respect to need. The successive supply of lube, can not improve its deterioration position, because this is like compressor to arrive at oil to taste,change periodic, need all platoon to change for nothing compressor is special lube. If compressor moves below much dust and high temperature environment, oil change cycle should inspect particular case to change ahead of schedule (cycle of the oil change below normal operating mode is 2000 hours, the proposal shortens 1000 ～ 1500 hours; Cycle of the oil change below normal operating mode is 4000 hours, the proposal shortens 2000 ～ 2500 hours; Of cycle of other oil change with this analogize) .
2, lukewarm start charging a powerful person is bad
Lukewarm the center that controls a powerful person to regard compressor equipment lube as the road, the actor bad of function is concerning directly the high temperature of compressor. Lukewarm the temperature of lowermost fuel injection that accuses a powerful person to basically control compressor, because inferior fuel injection temperature can make reduce engine oil one’s duty,concern because of pressure dew point and separate out condenser water, produce compressor lube emulsion easily, shorten the service life of lube. The oil that when lukewarm feeling charging a powerful person lukewarm probe measures is lukewarm when under its the movement is worth (the behavioral cost of feeling lukewarm component has 55 ℃ and 71 ℃ ) , criterion lube arrives directly via oily filter from oil gas bucket lead plane; When its movement is worth the oily lukewarm prep above that when lukewarm feeling charging a powerful person lukewarm probe measures, in-house feeling lukewarm probe carries needle movement on the head, drive core of a powerful person to open the bypass inside a powerful person, make have shed classics condenser, the oil after refrigeration returns leader via oily filter.
3, oily filter jams
The oily filter of screw type compressor installs filter of style paper quality to come back commonly, filter precision is 12um from time to tome the foreign matter depart of 50% is led, filter when precision is 30um, for the impurity of 99% depart is led, can the major impurity in eliminate lube, make sure lead plane lubricates normally. Ministry of oily filter insole has stop a relief valve, along with use time elapse, deposit can be caused in grain of filter paper impurity press difference to increase, should achieve when controlling poor cost certainly, by-pass valve is opened, lube is not passed filter namely gush joins leader, such ensuring that lead plane nose is enough and lubricant. But after receiving oil through by-pass valve, a large number of impurity of lube take lead plane nose, if be handled not in time, can shorten greatly the service life that compressor includes bearing.
High-pressured glue canal and 2 loop vitta
Current, the circular oil pipe that compressor of one major screw is used is glue canal, lengthen along with use time, glue canal is in high temperature high pressure for a long time to fall, may appear dew point, bring about equipment high temperature to call the police, change guarantee against wants to be able to provide way under the vitta of original pipeline when new oil tube, because discharge inadequacy happens,switch on the mobile phone likely otherwise instantaneous high temperature, equipment stops machine.
Answer vitta 2 times to be located in the upside of oil gas bucket, a copper pipe of core interior is divided in oil, be linked together through returning oily one-way a powerful person and lead plane nose. Its action is a ceaseless deposit the lubricating oil that distributes core bottom at oil is inspiratory lead plane nose, if answer vitta to jam, make deposit distributes the lubricating oil inside core at oil as the compression after depart air enters hind air pipeline, not only the difficulty that increases an aftertreatment, still can make oily cost raises, equipment of if things go on like this is short of oil, high temperature calls the police.
Equipment lead plane is compressed again had reached bear
Compressor carries after travel is old, as lead plane bearing wear away the mechanical attrition of displacement and rotor, bring about rotor inside leak is more and more serious, namely a leak of mixture of high temperature oil gas after compressing antrum works to below one class compress continue to be compressed inside antrum, bring about house of temperature of lead plane exhaust not to fall high. Nose can be listened attentively to in moving smeary abnormal knocking, usable and infra-red measure Wen Yi to measure mainframe each place temperature, if have unusual high temperature, need canvass.
Compressor crosses bear to run same meeting to cause phenomenon of exhaust high temperature to happen, check what compressor face plate installs to add uninstall pressure, have without the circumstance that exceeds rated pressure. In addition capacity control system is undesirable after also can causing compressor to uninstall cannot close the valve that take energy of life in time entirely, cause compressor pressure slow and elevatory, equipment exceeds pressure move. When oily cent core jams, oil gas mixture of high pressure stays inside oil gas bucket, after that the pressure that force transducer of ministry pipeline middling pressure measures is very low however, right now compressor can pass the signal that give out continue according to pressing excess load to load moves, cause equipment high temperature.
2, high temperature solves measure
In compressor job process, absorbed as a result of compressed8 air result, cause temperature of air be compressioned to rise thereby, quantity of heat can come out from inside compressing gas through a lot of ways, these ways include housing, lubricant system, medicinal powder hot system is waited a moment. Compressor has 10% ～ in real work the result of 20% is changed into heat energy, and these heat energy are compressed air and lube are absorbed.
Compressor exhaust temperature is higher, the service life of oily cent is briefer. Because temperature is high, can more lube are in gaseous state, the job that adds oily cent is difficult, temperature is exorbitant the service life that lowers lube necessarily, and the service life of all weather strip and pipeline.
The oily lukewarm meeting with exorbitant in moving process equipment is reduced coefficient transporting gas and increase power to use up, appear even bearing comes loose bead accident. Temperature still can make lube issues occurrence pyrolysis in metallic catalysis high too, unripe didymous job is harmful free carbon, colloid with moisture, accumulate over a long period if these material encounter instantaneous high temperature to be brought about accumulate carbon to form, serious when bring about lead plane screw to get stuck dead.
Accordingly, solve dirty of compressor system oil, colloid content or the method that accumulate carbon to be cleaned namely. At present unit of empty press after service uses online clear lotion, acidity clear lotion, alkalescent clear lotion and dissolve the form of a drug to clean an agent mostly. Acidity and alkalescent clear lotion call Shui Jiqing lotion commonly, solvent clear lotion mixes water radical clear lotion has advantages and disadvantages each:
1, online lotion of the Qing Dynasty that accumulate carbon. Choose oily clear lotion commonly, cent is two kinds. One kind is additive, can add the compressor oil path that will maintain namely to run randomly in proportion, basically decompose clear of oil path system spend gently smeary; One kind is to clean oil, old oil of the dropt before compressor maintains, add directly note this to clean oil, wait for move 30 minutes to come 2 hours eduction, the system is added pour new oil. If the system is colloid content or accumulate carbon serious, the proposal chooses Shui Jiqing lotion or solvent clear lotion advances tear open machine immerse clean.
2, Shui Jiqing lotion is clean a product with what water is matrix, safe to the environment. Recommend a loop to clean commonly, immerse the effect when cleaning is relatively slow, with the product that is matrix with organic dissolvent photograph comparing has a lot of advantages, for example: Low-cost, use convenient. Defect: Need to be rinsed with water in great quantities, alkalescent clear lotion and smeary happening reaction, make easy dissolve compound, make oily dirty deliquescent, rinse its clean with water next. Careful observation needs when cleaning, the Tuo Ge between the brilliant that prevents to cause alloy forms spot corrosion.
3, solvent clear lotion is clean a product with what organic dissolvent is matrix. Solvent clear lotion divides roughly kind: One kind is form by two liquids, superstratum defends for ability in swimming fluid is enclothed, lower level cleans an agent for the dissolve the form of a drug of puissant bleeding agent; Another kind is the pure dissolvent that be refined by puissant bleeding agent and synergist and becomes clear lotion. Clean effect latter more apparent, latter defect is boiling point low, volatilize faster; The advantage is moisture does not remain after cleaning, rapid and dry, do not need to be cleaned with water.