Summary: The article analyses the task through grading of a real case, share with everybody designing small-sized when joining machine of pneumatics of piston of move back and forth continuously, when does need consider that above all? When should consider this first again? What is? The design is small-sized joining machine of pneumatics of piston of move back and forth continuously also is to have the law but of abide, science can take roundabout way less according to train of thought, give an issue less, raise successful rate.
One, foreword
Treat of design is small-sized join machine of pneumatics of piston of move back and forth continuously, we should say what is pneumatics machine above all. Pneumatics machine is the main body in the equipment that enrage a source, it is will original intention (always electric thought) mechanical energy is changed into aeriform pressure can the sources of energy changes equipment, it is to compress airy atmospheric pressure to produce equipment (following plan institute are shown) .
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Pneumatics machine is a kind of current project mechanism, suitable scope is big, use is extensive. Especially small-sized join machine of pneumatics of piston of move back and forth continuously, it is the adornment outside room ben is decorated, the mechanical equipment with the indispensable project such as spray paint, mechanical maintenance. Have among them bigger one share share is the market of DIY family expenses that faces abroad, this has one share again among them is to be confined to indoor use. Accordingly, the market is pressed to this kind small-sized sky machine, had the following main demands: Operation of efficient and energy-saving 4) uses 3) of environmental protection of 2) of safety of 1) electric equipment comfortable and convenient. So, we are in receive new small-sized when the research and development that links machine of pneumatics of piston of move back and forth continuously designs a project, also want to consider these a few requirements above all, but above these a few mentioned requirements are very general with wide extensive, need changes ability to blend in in designing the job. Below we are with a real case exemple, will analyse a specification for everybody.
2, market demand is reflected mediumly in design file
Take when you small-sized when the project of research and development that joins machine of pneumatics of piston of move back and forth continuously, personnel of business of common market department is already right the market prospect of this project and sale anticipate do became good sufficient argumentation. We need to do, read carefully namely ” project approving requisition ” , where is the sale extent that knows this pneumatics machine, what is the requirement of crucial technology parameter that understands this pneumatics opportunity, how much is the target price that realizes this pneumatics machine.
These a few problems should understand in detail? The first, know the sale extent of pneumatics machine. Can reach this pneumatics confidential accords with what safety regulation and attestation standard directly. For example: The product that sells the United States needs to accord with UL, the attestation of CSA or ETL, at the same time gas canister still needs to accord with ASME attestation alone, the product achieves even flame retardant requirement (because building of American woodiness structure is more) the standard that basically implements has: UL1450 and ANSI/UL94-1985. The product that sells Europe needs to accord with CE, GS, the attestation such as EMC, gas canister does PS attestation, relevant spare parts satisfies environmental protection requirement. The standard that basically implements has: MD instruction 2006/42/EC, LVD instruction 2006/95/EC, EMC instruction 2004/108/EC and PED instruction 97/23/EC, even the attestation that some clients still ask to satisfy ISO9000.
The 2nd, the crucial technology parameter of pneumatics machine. Grade of the working voltage that includes pneumatics plane commonly, frequency, rated power, duty, insulation, defend parameter of the cubage of canister of grade, gas, highest actuating pressure and capacity. Return the demand that can have special parameter and structure and specification occasionally. Actually the requirement of these the 2nd technology parameter, some sale area through the first already demarcate is dead. For example: The social estate of pneumatics machine insulation that sells the United States has B class only, voltage also is 120V/60HZ commonly. However, the empty press that sells Europe is different, insulation grade has B class and F class commonly usedly, voltage has 230V also have 240V, it is 50HZ fortunately. Still having is Europe and United States the cubage to enraging coal tub, the difference on highest actuating pressure and capacity unit of measurement also needs to notice.
The 3rd, the eye of pneumatics machine sells by tender valence. Mostly the target price that the factory carries pneumatics chance, how much is can pushing those who calculate clean press to purchase cost directly. Actually, this ability is us all overall objectives that design the job, all expenditure add up cannot exceed cost budget. The cost of “ product is the ” that the design comes out, it is right that from the design upright fountainhead controls cost; Always compared final prototype to come out, go thinking method to fall again many what cost is close friends.
In ” project approving requisition ” on returned correspondence to reflect the market to be opposite the requirement of electric equipment safety and environmental protection, but right efficient and energy-saving use with the operation comfortable and convenient sexual requirement, have to need to combine crucial technology parameter to be designed integratedly.
Efficient and energy-saving body go up to the utilization rate of the sources of energy in pneumatics machine now, the name that has a major makes compare power. Pneumatics machine compares power is an evaluation in compress identical gas, identical exhaust approachs a kind of target of the compressor function below force, also be the main index that the evaluation reduces functional effect. China’s active standard is ” air of GB19153 cubage type compresses value of functional effect demarcate to reach can effect grade ” .
Use to the operation comfortable and convenient quality, a few the order of nature are united in wedlock when be being designed with respect to need, mechanical principle and human body engineering will consider integratedly. Conversion thinks, if be his,use this pneumatics machine, what him status does need achieve is ability satisfactory? Will do a design with this kind of train of thought, affirmative meeting gets a satisfactory result.
Say so, we are taken ” project approving requisition ” hind, next all designs work, it is actually around wear what market demand spread out that at 4 o’clock, especially efficient and energy-saving what use with the operation is comfortable and convenient quality. We ask the market to decompose a specification further below.
3, market demand token is technical parameter
Want to satisfy the efficient and energy-saving requirement of pneumatics machine, return the crucial technology parameter from pneumatics machine is aspirantly quantify processing all right. How efficient, how energy-saving, arrive to must be changed into data to undertake revealing finally. Say pneumatics opportunity above all than power, its definition is such: It is to show compressor compresses the total power input that institute of gas of real volume discharge expends the unit. The computational formula of this parameter is: Than Q of discharge of cubage of P÷ of power = power input; Unit: KW/(m3/min) . Pneumatics chance is less than power, the efficiency that explains pneumatics machine energy is used is taller, unit power comsumption is lower. But, this compares power parameter, it is numerical value of an intermediate token, indirect computation comes out, direct design does not come out. So, what be design parameter and than power and efficient and energy-saving function relevant? Through above see not harder than the formula of power, besides the power input of electric machinery, that sheds value of a quantity namely. However, when we are designed, it is hypothesis power commonly foregone and constant, will push cipher out discharge to be worth. Theory sheds the formula of value of a quantity under recombine, we see not hard, affecting more crucial than the design of power parameter actually is the journey of the diameter of air cylinder and piston.
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Because participate in the machining error of the part that compresses gas, design,be commonly accumulative total public errand, assemble precision to wait for reason place to bring about. The actual measurement of the theoretical capacity of the design and prototype (in 7 kilograms when) there is certain difference between capacity, this involved the efficiency issue of rigid structure (when be being designed so must the coefficient with enough obligate, the prototype that will assure actual measurement amounts to mark than power numerical value) . Efficiency is low, use up big, the meaning is patronage the move is calorific, business is little, token phenomenon is problem of a temperature rise, actually, temperature rise is direct and corresponding is the requirement of energy-saving environmental protection.
Additional, the character of energy-saving environmental protection of pneumatics machine is OK also get to the bottom of sth arrives on direct design parameter. The environmental protection that says here includes the environmental protection of airy environmental protection and noise, the relevant design parameter that direct system comes out now is: 1) temperature rise is small 2) noise is little 3) vibration is little.
Among them the first temperature rise is small, it is the angle from energy-saving environmental protection, raised a requirement to small-sized pneumatics machine, requirement this kinds of dynamoelectric tool, should do calorific work less as far as possible (useless result) , reduce wasteful the sources of energy, reduce discharge needlessly, reduce the effect to the environment. The 2nd noise is little, it is the angle from environmental protection raised a requirement to small-sized pneumatics machine only however, requirement this kinds of dynamoelectric tool, should do work in the job while, reduce noise pollution, build a comfortable and cheerful environment for handlers. The 3rd vibration is little, basically be a requirement small-sized the mechanical balance with connect oneself of machine of pneumatics of piston of move back and forth to want to have better continuously, say to want to good fortune makes the same score stability all right namely popularly. What compete as current international market is intense with each passing day, as world each country of consciousness of energy-saving, environmental protection rise stage by stage, to small-sized the requirement of 3 function also meets the above that joins machine of pneumatics of piston of move back and forth continuously become more outstanding.
Of unexpected is, while we are solving energy-saving environmental protection, also token went out a few use with the operation comfortable and convenient the design character parameter related the gender. Pneumatics accident travel is smooth, noise pollution is low, operation environment is comfortable and cheerful, this belongs to an operation to use comfortable and convenient sexual category.
Finally, what need says is electric equipment security. This is actually it is the most difficult to belong to and the simplest requirement, difficult it is to be in hard charge of its attestation of high specified number in products plan initial stage; If your client can be assumed, that is one great good work really. Simple it is to be in simply, the great majority related to the product accords with the spare parts of attestation, belong to menu type mark to distribute a part, choose according to the requirement simply when you are designed go, do not need to undertake alone design is calculated again.
On the other hand, about the requirement of electric equipment security, give in you overall when doing relevant attestation and test, of tripartite detect the orgnaization also can is opposite your rigid structure and electric equipment type selecting undertake further examination is proved. Only electric equipment security amounts to mark, the ability of pneumatics machine product that you design enters relevant section to undertake selling.
4, epilogue
Small-sized the design base oneself upon that joins machine of pneumatics of piston of move back and forth continuously the demand at the market, change to the relevant technology file of product research and development, token is relevant technical parameter, on the option that reflects component of the use for specific rigid structure design, specific mechanical principle, specific electric equipment.
Anyhow, want to had designed small-sized connect product of machine of pneumatics of piston of move back and forth continuously, of craft of the design that needs the choice from material, structure, public errand make etc everywhere detail begins, need does the work fine, do solid, accomplish, it is better that such ability designs give performance, the product with higher quality comes.
Bibliographical reference
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[4] JB/T 8934-1999. Straight couplet is portable machine of pneumatics of piston of move back and forth [S].1999
[5] Yu Yongzhang, jiang Peizheng. Compressor project manual [M] . .2012 of Chinese petrifaction press
[6] piston compressor is written group. Piston compressor is designed [M] . .1974 of machinist trade publishing house
[7] golden light dawn, yang Shaokan is made up. Compressor dependability [M] . Machinist trade publishing house, 1989
Author brief introduction
Wu Anzhong (1980.04- – ) , male, the Han nationality, shandong saves Qingdao city person, university undergraduate course (labour learns bachelor) , be graduated from university of Qingdao science and technology, intermediate engineer, study way: Air compressor.